China and Thailand are two important developing countries in the Belt and Road Region with different development patterns but the same sustainable development goals. However, both countries are facing environmental pressures and ecological risks due to the rapid and continuous developments of agriculture, industrialization, and urbanization. These pressures are further exacerbated in the context of global climate change. As a consequence, both countries are threatened by various water-related risks, such as aquatic environment degradation and water resources shortage.
Watershed is an important concept which not only regulates a hydrological system but also formulates a socioeconomic and political unit to properly manage the available natural resources. Intensified and unsustainable demand and development of watersheds results in severe deteriorations in land, water, soil, and biota resources today. Sustainable management of watersheds is of great essentials in improving the service of ecosystem, quality of life of people, and bring potential economic benefits.
